RESUMO
Background: Previous studies link overweight/obesity to reduced fertility, highlighting weight intervention as vital for better pregnancy outcomes. However, clarity on the role and efficacy of weight loss in enhancing pregnancy is inconsistent. Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of individualized weight intervention on pregnancy among Chinese overweight/obese infertile women and explore body composition indexes influencing pregnancy outcomes. Methods: This retrospective study involved 363 overweight/obese infertile women admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China, from June 2017 to November 2020. Among them, 249 received personalized weight intervention (intervention group), while 114 did not (control group). Pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups, and changes in body composition before and after intervention were measured. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to analyze factors influencing pregnancy outcomes. Results: The intervention group exhibited significantly higher clinical pregnancy rates, natural pregnancy rates, assisted reproductive pregnancy rates, and induced ovulation (IO) pregnancy rates compared to the control group (all P < .05). Following weight intervention, there were significant decreases in body weight, body mass index (BMI), visceral fat area, and body fat (all P < .01). Logistic regression analysis identified polycystic ovary syndrome as the reason for infertility (OR=3.446, P = .016), ∆body weight %≥10% (OR=2.931, P = .014), and ∆visceral fat area% (OR=1.025, P = .047) as positive factors for a successful pregnancy. Conversely, age≥35 years old (OR=0.337, P = .001), BMI≥25 kg/m2 after intervention (OR=0.279, P < .001), and visceral fat area≥100 cm2 after intervention (OR=0.287, P = .007) were identified as negative factors. Conclusions: Individualized weight management enhances pregnancy outcomes in overweight/obese infertile women. Achieving a reduction in body weight by 10% or more, combined with effective control of visceral fat, proves important in improving pregnancy outcomes. Excess visceral fat emerges as an adverse factor impacting successful pregnancy.
RESUMO
We investigated the menstrual cycle of wild fulvous fruit bats (Rousettus leschenaulti), focusing on changes in the endometrial and ovarian structure and pituitary and steroid hormones. The menstrual cycle lasts for 33 days in bats studied in their natural habitat and in captivity. Vaginal bleeding was restricted to a single day (Day 1). A preovulatory follicle was found in the ovary on Day 18 when the levels of LH and FSH reached their maxima, accompanied by a thickened endometrium. On Day 24, serum levels of progesterone and estradiol-17 were also maximal, and uterine glands increased in size. After that, the levels of progesterone dropped precipitously, leading to menstrual bleeding. Both the morphologic and hormonal changes observed in fulvous fruit bats during the menstrual cycle resemble similar changes in humans. Fulvous fruit bats may be useful nonprimate laboratory models to study menstruation and menstrual dysfunction.
